应变、应变率成像对非梗阻性肥厚型心肌病患者左心房功能的评估价值分析

目的探讨应变、应变率成像对非梗阻性肥厚型心肌病(NOHCM)患者左心房功能的评估价值。方法 50例NOHCM患者根据左心房体积分为正常组(n=30)与增大组(n=20),同时选取30例健康者为对照组,均给予超声心动图检查。比较各组的LAVI、LVEF、S、SR峰值,探讨S、SR峰值与LAVI、LVEF的关系。结果与对照组比较,正常组的LAVminI显著升高(P<0.05),增大组的LAVmaxI、LAVminI、LVEF显著升高(P<0.05);与正常组比较,增大组的LAVmaxI、LAVminI显著升高(P<0.05)。与对照组比较,正常组、增大组的Se、Sa、Ss、SRe、SRa、SRs均显著降低(P<0.05)。Pearson相关分析显示,SRe、SRa、SRs与LAVI呈负相关。结论应变、应变率成像检测可有效评估NOHCM患者的左心房功能。     

Does ablation of atrial fibrillation at the time of septal myectomy improve survival of patients with obstructive hypertrophic cardiomyopathy?

ObjectiveTo evaluate the outcomes after septal myectomy in patients with obstructive hypertrophic cardiomyopathy according to atrial fibrillation and surgical ablation of atrial fibrillation.MethodsWe reviewed patients with obstructive hypertrophic cardiomyopathy who underwent septal myectomy at the Mayo Clinic from 2001 to 2016. History of atrial fibrillation was obtained from patient histories and electrocardiograms. All-cause mortality was the primary end point.ResultsA total of 2023 patients underwent septal myectomy, of whom 394 (19.5%) had at least 1 episode of atrial fibrillation preoperatively. Among patients with atrial fibrillation, 76 (19.3%) had only 1 known episode, 278 (70.6%) had recurrent paroxysmal atrial fibrillation, and 40 (10.2%) had persistent atrial fibrillation. Surgical ablation was performed in 190 patients at the time of septal myectomy, including 148 with pulmonary vein isolation and 42 with the classic maze procedure. Among all patients, operative mortality was 0.4%, and there were no early deaths in patients undergoing surgical ablation. Over a median follow-up of 5.6 years, patients with preoperative atrial fibrillation had increased mortality (hazard ratio, 1.36; 95% confidence interval, 0.97-1.91; P = .070) after multivariable adjustment for comorbidities. When considering the impact of atrial fibrillation with or without surgical treatment, the adjusted hazard ratio for mortality in patients undergoing ablation compared with no ablation was 0.93 (95% confidence interval, 0.52-1.69; P = .824).ConclusionsAtrial fibrillation is present preoperatively in one-fifth of patients with obstructive hypertrophic cardiomyopathy undergoing myectomy and showed a trend toward higher all-cause mortality. Survival of patients undergoing septal myectomy with preoperative atrial fibrillation was similar between those who did and did not receive concomitant surgical ablation.     

Mid‐ventricular obstruction is associated with non‐sustained ventricular tachycardia in patients with hypertrophic obstructive cardiomyopathy

BackgroundMid‐ventricular obstruction (MVO) is a rare subtype of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) but it is associated with ventricular arrhythmia. The relationship between MVO and non‐sustained ventricular tachycardia (NSVT) in HCM patients is unknown.HypothesisThe severity of MVO increases the incidence of NSVT in patients with hypertrophic obstructive cardiomyopathy (HOCM).MethodsFive hundred and seventy‐two consecutive patients diagnosed with HOCM in Fuwai Hospital between January 2015 and December 2017 were enrolled in this study. Holter electrocardiographic and clinical parameters were compared between HOCM patients with and without MVO.ResultsSeventy‐six (13.3%) of 572 patients were diagnosed with MVO. Compared to patients without MVO, those with MVO were much younger, and had a higher incidence of syncope, greater left ventricular (LV) posterior wall thickness, a higher percentage of LV late gadolinium enhancement, and higher prevalence of NSVT. Furthermore, the prevalence of NSVT increased with the severity of MVO (without, mild, moderate or severe: 11.1%, 18.2%, 25.6%, respectively, p for trend < .01). Similarly, the prevalence of NSVT differed among patients with isolated LV outflow tract (LVOTO), both MVO and LVOTO, and isolated MVO (11.1%, 21.3%, 26.6%, respectively, p for trend = .018). In addition to age, diabetes, left atrial diameter, and maximal wall thickness, multivariate analysis revealed the presence of MVO as an independent risk factor for NSVT (Odds ratio 2.69; 95% confidence interval 1.41 to 5.13, p = .003).ConclusionsThe presence and severity of MVO was associated with higher incidence of NSVT in HOCM patients.     

高敏C反应蛋白和原发性高血压并发房颤患者的关系研究

目的研究高敏C反应蛋白(hs-CRP)在高血压阵发性心房颤动(AF)患者中应用的意义。方法选取2012年4月至2014年4月该院的高血压阵发性AF患者80例作为AF组,选取高血压无阵发性AF患者80例作为对照组。收集两组患者血浆hs-CRP、全血高切黏度、全血低切黏度、血浆黏度、左室射血分数(LVEF)、左房内径(LA)、左室质量指数(LVMI),以及患者年龄、性别、高血压、瓣膜病、冠心病和孤立性房颤等一般数据,并进行统计学分析。对阵发性AF影响因素进行Logistic回归分析。结果两组患者年龄、性别、高血压、瓣膜病、冠心病和孤立性房颤、全血高切黏度、血浆黏度数据比较,差异无有统计学意义(P0.05)。两组患者全血低切黏度、LA、LVEF、LVMI数据比较,差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。Logistic回归分析显示,原发性高血压患者年龄越大、hsCRP对数值越大、左心肌越厚、左房越大出现阵发性AF的可能性越大。结论血浆hs-CRP与高血压阵发性AF的发生关系密切。